Nephritic syndrome is a condition involving haematuria, mild to moderate proteinuria typically less than 3. What is the difference between selective and nonselective proteinuria. Nephrotic syndrome vs glomerulonephritis nephritic vs. Edema may also be present, although it is not nearly as severe as in nephrotic syndrome. Usually affects children between the ages of 312 years. Difference between nephrotic syndrome and nephritic syndrome. Generally, the prognosis of nephritic syndrome in children is better than it is in adults. Jul 06, 2017 learn about nephrotic syndrome vs glomerulonephritis in comparison to nursing management, signs and symptoms, causes, and pathophysiology. Jun 10, 2009 heres one of those things in pathology that will lead you to pull all your hair out. Because nephritic syndrome is a syndrome and not a disease, the prognosis depends on the underlying cause. The upcoming article will clear out difference via a table, differential diagnosis of the two syndromes and how to interpret reports to find out which one is. First deciding between nephritic and nephrotic syndrome is a useful starting point for your differential diagnosis.
Nephrotic syndrome poc nephritic syndrome edema hypoalbuminemia proteinuria hypercholesterolemia not essential characteristic htn mild edema oliguria azotemia high jvp dark urine any inflammation cause proteinuria then edema then hypovolemia then more hypoalbuminemia and hyperlipidemia mechanism 2 immunological disorder causing thickening. A kidney biopsy will provide a fully definitive diagnosis of nephritic syndrome and may also reveal the underlying cause of the nephritic syndrome depending on the underlying pathological process. Nov 09, 2017 the classical nephritic syndrome has a sudden onset days weeks and the main cause is post streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Feb 16, 2009 also i think it is misleading to assoc. Nephritic syndrome and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.
Nephrotic and nephritic syndrome renal pathology by dr. No entanto, existem diferencas entre a sindrome nefrotica e a sindrome nefritica nas caracteristicas clinicas. Nephritic syndrome is characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli glomerulonephritis and renal dysfunction. The main difference between glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome is the degree of proteinuria. Nephritic syndrome is characterized by glomerular damage leading to hematuria, pyuria, water retention, and subsequent hypertension and edema. Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by severe proteinuria, i. As i have already told you that there is a lot of loss of blood in the nephritic syndrome while in nephrotic syndrome, there is loss of proteins and this is the most basic difference between the two. Nephritic syndrome, like nephrotic syndrome, may involve low level of. Aug 16, 2017 the main difference between glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome is the degree of proteinuria. Nephritic syndrome is a syndrome comprising signs of nephritis, which is kidney disease involving inflammation. Again, this is a term describing a set of symptoms and not a pathological condition in itself. What is the difference between nephritic and nephrotic syndrome. What is the pathogenesis of edema in nephrotic syndrome.
Nephrotic syndrome vs nephritic syndrome explained. Nephritic syndrome is defined by hematuria, variable degrees of proteinuria, usually dysmorphic red blood cells rbcs, and often rbc casts on microscopic examination of urinary sediment. Below is just a quick overview of which diseases are associated with which syndrome, for more details read the glomerulonephritis article. In a nephritic syndrome, all of these occur plus there is hematuria or blood in the urine. By contrast, nephrotic syndrome is characterized by only proteins proteinuria moving into the urine. This video will explain further on the two syndromes of kidney. Nephrotic syndrome vs nephritic syndrome explained nephritic vs nephrotic duration. On a superficial level, it is safe to say that nephritic syndrome is characterized by a loss of blood in the urine from the damaged renal epithelia, whereas in nephrotic syndrome, loss of proteins is very common in the urine analysis. At the turn of the century, clinicians distinguished a nephritic syndrome of i. The classical nephritic syndrome has a sudden onset days weeks and the main cause is post streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Regardless of origin, the basic condition is characterized by hematuria, mild non nephrotic, ie less than 3. In nephrotic syndrome, there is a massive proteinuria with the protein loss usually over 3. Laboratory findings include hematuria, proteinuria and creatinine, and red cell casts in urine. Nephrotic syndrome versus nephritic syndrome both nephritis and nephrosis are among the bodys responses to injury or illness affecting the kidneys.
Nephrotic syndrome presents clinically with massive proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia, accompanied by variable forms of edema, hyperlipidemia, and lipiduria, all as a result of increased glomerular permeability 1, and it can be associated with nephritic syndrome when some or all of its clinical concomitant manifestations arterial hypertension. Nephrotic vs nephritic syndrome proteinuria, hematuria, casts. In contrast to nephrotic syndrome, proteinuria and generalized edema are less pronounced or nonexistent in those with nephritic syndrome. Nephrotic syndrome, nephritic syndrome, and asymptomatic renal disease. Clinical approach to rapidly progressive renal failure pdf. Nephritic syndrome an overview sciencedirect topics. Apr 12, 2020 on a superficial level, it is safe to say that nephritic syndrome is characterized by a loss of blood in the urine from the damaged renal epithelia, whereas in nephrotic syndrome, loss of proteins is very common in the urine analysis.
The main difference between this and nephrotic syndrome is that in nephritic syndrome haematuria is present. The differences between nephrotic and nephritic syndrome are easily forgotten. Rapid and efficient diagnosis of diseases presenting as acute glomerulonephritis and or nephrotic syndrome is critical for early and appropriate therapy aimed at preservation of renal function. Yes, the three types of nephritis are mesangial or proliferative, and within proliferative focal or diffuse. This article provides a very brief overview of nephrotic and nephritic syndrome, to help you differentiate between them. Nephrotic syndrome may appear as a primary idiopathic renal disease or occur in association with any of a number of systemic conditions and hereditary diseases. Nephrotic syndrome has normal complement levels while nephritic syndrome features low complement levels. Nephritic syndrome is also known as glomerulonephritis and it is characterized by edema, increased blood pressure and haematuria red blood cells in urine. Distinction between nephrotic and nephritic syndrome is usually straight forward.
Nephritic vs nephrotic syndrome keshav mudgal renal nephritic syndrome. Nephrotic syndrome poc nephritic syndrome edema hypoalbuminemia proteinuria hypercholesterolemia not essential characteristic htn mild edema oliguria azotemia high jvp dark urine any inflammation cause proteinuria then edema then hypovolemia then more hypoalbuminemia and hyperlipidemia mechanism 2. Overview of nephritic syndrome genitourinary disorders. Common causes of nephritic syndrome are listed in table 4. Nephrotic syndrome is more of protein proteinuria loss while the nephritic syndrome is more of blood loss hematuria. Nov 08, 2019 nephrotic syndrome is characterized by the following.
Lupus can also cause a membranous glomerulopathy that causes nephrotic syndrome, not nephritic syndrome. It often occurs in the glomerulus, where it is called glomerulonephritis. Difference between nephritic and nephrotic syndrome. These syndromes are characterized by a dysfunction of normal kidney activities, hence the symptoms usually overlap.
Jul 18, 2019 again, this is a term describing a set of symptoms and not a pathological condition in itself. Read pdf medcomic differential diagnosis of nephrotic and nephritic syndrome. Topics include proteinuria, hematuria, casts, the anatomy of the kidney. At the most basic level, remember that nephrotic syndrome involves the loss of a lot of protein, whereas nephritic syndrome involves the loss of a lot of blood. This includes protein in the urine, low blood albumin levels, high blood lipids, and significant swelling. Difference between nephrotic syndrome and nephritic. However, there may be considerable overlap in their clinical presentation with some diseases presenting with components of both syndromes. Most of the common childhood illnesses that we know are fever, colds, flu, and so forth.
There is alsoproteinuria, hypertension, uraemia, and possibly oliguria. It can be caused by a variety of conditions including autoimmune, hereditary, and infectious diseases. Sometimes children cannot help but get diseases unknowingly, and doctors come to the rescue to treat them. Nephrotic syndrome versus nephritic syndrome current. Later the patient developed ht and renal dysfunction, and will fall in the syndromic diagnosis of nephritic syndrome the whole exercise of this case was to tell you that the classification of glomerular disease is not perfect. Nephrotic syndrome occurs at a younger age than nephritic. These syndrome may overlap or coexist especially if the pathological process or disease is uncontrolled, in which case, mostly nephrotic syndrome precedes nephritic syndrome. Difference between glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome. However, there are differences between nephrotic syndrome and nephritic syndrome in the clinical features. Diagnosis and management charles kodner, md, university of louisville school of medicine, louisville, kentucky i n nephrotic syndrome, a variety of disorders cause. They both involve the kidney, they both are syndromes so theyre probably both constellations of findings, and the names are maddeningly similar except for one stinking vowel. The most common primary glomerular diseases include membranous nephropathy, focal segmental glomerular sclerosis, minimal change, and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis mpgn. Roger seheult, md of, illustrates the key differences between the nephritic and nephrotic syndromes.
However, some glomerular diseases especially the mpgn can present as. Patients also display hypertension, azotemia, and oliguria. Acute glomerulonephritis is a type of nephritic syndrome. Nephrotic syndrome overview sign and symptoms, pathophysiology. A universal finding in children with cns is elevated urine protein. The most common cause is immunoglobulin a iga nephropathy, also known as bergers disease, but other causes include postinfectious glomerulonephritis and lupus nephritis. Feb 02, 2015 roger seheult, md of illustrates the key differences between the nephrotic and nephritic syndromes.
Oct 26, 2010 first deciding between nephritic and nephrotic syndrome is a useful starting point for your differential diagnosis. The majority of cases of acute nephritic syndrome have a postinfectious etiology, most commonly following infection with group a. Nephritic syndrome knowledge for medical students and physicians. The thing with nephritic syndrome is that the lesions causing it all have increased cellularity within the glomeruli, accompanied by a leukocytic infiltrate hence the suffix itic. The many different causes of glomerular disease can be generally classified into one of three major syndromes. What is the underfill hypothesis of edema in nephrotic syndrome. Acute nephritic syndrome is characterized by a sudden onset of macroscopic hematuria accompanied by hypertension, oliguria, edema, and varying degrees of renal insufficiency due to acute glomerular injury. Nephritic syndrome is characterized by glomerular damage leading to hematuria. All glomerular diseases can progress to acute or chronic renal failure. The major determinant of whether the patient presents with gn and an active urine sediment nephritic syndrome or with proteinuria nephrotic syndrome and little or no hematuria is. Nephrotic vs nephritic syndrome faculty of medicine. Nephrotic and nephritic syndrome in the newborn clinics in. This is because each is associated with a particular subset of diseases. Synopsis of nephritic syndrome and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis mpgn your patient is an 18 yearold woman who is seen for the complaint of occasional vomiting, back pain.
This lesson will discuss two syndromes associated with diseases that affect the filters inside of the kidneys, the glomeruli. Nephrotic or nephritic syndrome can be caused by multiple disease processes. Nephrotic syndrome with a nephritic component associated. Nephritic syndrome can present with oliguria, hypertension, and hematuria colacolored urine.
Nephrotic syndrome is a disease of the kidney while nephritic syndrome is a disease of the glomeruli. Nephritic syndrome is a disease of kidney structure element glomeruli. In nephritic syndrome, there is some proteinuria and edema, but its not nearly as severe as in nephrotic syndrome. Haematuria can be frank haematuria or microscopic oedema to a lesser extent compared to nephrotic syndrome reduced. Proteinuria 3 hyoalbuminuria nephrotic and nephritic syndrome systemic variant of iga nephropathy type of. Nephrotic syndrome is a clinicopathological condition which develops when there is significant damage to the glomeruli which leads to heavy proteinuria 3. Nephritic syndrome knowledge for medical students and. Mar 06, 2020 which glomerular structural changes may cause nephrotic syndrome. One of the defining features used to determine the difference between nephritic and nephrotic syndromes is the amount of protein in the urine. Nov 07, 20 nephrotic vs nephritic syndrome nephrotic and nephritic syndromes are common childhood conditions presenting with oedema and proteinuria. Nephrotic syndrome is a collection of symptoms due to kidney damage. However, some glomerular diseases especially the mpgn can present as nephrotic or nephritic. Difference between nephrotic and nephritic syndrome. Nephrotic syndrome vs nephritic syndrome explained nephritic vs.
The pathophysiology of glomerular diseases is complex. Nephrotic syndrome manifests the classic symptoms, such as. Other symptoms may include weight gain, feeling tired, and foamy urine. What is the difference between nephritic and nephrotic. What is the overfill hypothesis of edema in nephrotic syndrome. Apr 01, 2015 in a nephrotic syndrome, a group of manifestations occur, such as protein in the urine, edema, low count of albumin in the blood, and lastly too much lipids or fats circulating in the blood. On biopsy, a patient with nephritic syndrome would show inflammation of numerous glomeruli. Nephrotic syndrome vs nephritic syndrome explained nephritic.
These conditions are called nephrotic and nephritic syndrome. Nephrotic syndrome doesnt elevate blood pressure while nephritic syndrome does. Nephritic syndrome is also called glomerulonephritis. Nephrotic syndrome poc nephritic syndrome edema hypoalbuminemia proteinuria hypercholesterolemia not essential characteristic htn mild edema oliguria azotemia high jvp dark urine any inflammation cause proteinuria then edema then hypovolemia then more hypoalbuminemia and hyperlipidemia mechanism 2 immunological disorder. Regardless of origin, the basic condition is characterized by hematuria, mild nonnephrotic, ie less than 3.
Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Difference between nephrotic and nephritic syndrome compare. Although there may be overlap in clinical presentation, and some patients present with clinical features. No, its the nephrotic presentation of a disease which usually presents as a nephritic syndrome. This conditions result from excessive leakage of plasma proteins into the urine because of impairment of the glomerular capillary membrane. Just like nephritic syndrome, this one also has following features. Rapidly progressive renal failure is a hall mark of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis syndrome and presents with nephritic urine picture8.
Nephritic syndrome is characterized by hematuria and pyuria, often with the presence of erythrocyte casts within the urine. Roger seheult, md of illustrates the key differences between the nephrotic and nephritic syndromes. Nephrotic syndrome the signs and symptoms of nephritic and nephrotic syndrome are fairly similar, which is why it is quite difficult for affected individuals as well as healthcare professionals to correctly identify the ailment in the absence of medicallaboratory tests. Glomerular diseases knowledge for medical students and. Heres one of those things in pathology that will lead you to pull all your hair out.
431 697 1312 421 222 764 795 1414 631 1114 1027 629 1231 230 579 140 304 89 540 619 805 705 702 1413 1063 591 1082 431 479 806